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Poorly pig. UTI infection.

Tr1cky

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One of our pigs, James, hasn’t been very well for about six weeks now. He’s just over 2.5 years old and weighs about 1.3 kg.

He started squeaking when he was weeing and pooing and had blood in his urine at the beginning of July. An Xray showed that he didn’t have kidney / bladder stones but a urine test showed infection and blood in his wee and the vet diagnosed a deep seated UTI and a possible swollen bladder. The vet checked his stomach and has said that the squeaking when he’s pooing is when the poop passes by his bladder on the way out, which is inflamed. The vet said it could take a minimum of 10 weeks to go. He was prescribed 0.7ml Metacam painkiller/anti-inflammatory once a day and 0.6ml of Baytril antibiotic once a day. He had two doses of the Baytril but reacted badly. He became really subdued and inactive, sitting in the corner facing away from us. More worryingly it knocked his appetite and he just stopped pooing. However, it did seem to slightly help the infection. After a hasty visit to the vet again and some poo soup mixes using our healthy guinea pigs’ poos, he started to get back to himself again. The vet advised to stop the Baytril and he was started on Sulfatrim antibiotic at 0.3ml twice a day. After a couple of anxious days, he seemed to pick up again. However, we are now 8 weeks down the line and the infection still seems to be coming and going. Some days he’s not too bad but some days the squeaking gets louder again and he seems in pain. At the vets advice, we’ve restarted the Metacam again. He’s had two separate urine tests since the initial diagnosis to see if the infection is still there and if there’s blood in his wee and despite all our efforts, it is. As the Sulfatrim doesn’t seem to be making much of a difference we have just now started him on the Bayril prescribed originally, at a test dose of 0.1ml twice a day, to see if he has any reaction. If he doesn’t we were going to up his dose to 0.3ml twice a day to see if this helps. So far, after two doses he seems fine so we think maybe the initial prescribed dose of 0.6ml once a day, was too much all at once, which might be why he went funny.

Just wondered if anyone has any experience of a long standing bladder infection and any advice for us? The pigs C & C cage is cleaned out fully once a week and they are spot cleaned at least 2-3 times a day so there is no wetness in their cage and our other guinea pig, Jeremy, is totally fine. They have endless supplies of timothy hay, fresh water and veggies weighed out for them, twice a day. His weight has gone down during this illness, as prior to this he was about 1,456Kg. We’ve been weighing him throughout and the past 4 weeks, his weight has remained stable at 1,253Kg which is positive.

Also, any homemade remedies that we can give alongside the antibiotics to try to speed things along.
 
Hi and welcome!

Has your vet considered sterile (i.e. non-bacterial) interstitial cystitis (IC)? Because it is non-bacterial, it can only be temporarily suppressed by antibiotics in milder cases and doesn't react to them at all in the more severe cases. Sterile IC has become a lot more common over the last decade due to the growing commercial mass breeding of guinea pigs but it is not much known outside vet circles that frequently see guinea pigs.

Sterile IC can only be managed but not healed. Since it seems to affect especially the natural glucosamine coating of walls of the urinary tract that prevents the highly corrosive urine from coming into contact with raw tissue, treatment with glucosamine (which is classed as a food supplement and not as a medication) is key. In milder cases, oral glucosamine is enough (we recommend for ease of dosage and application cat bladder supplement capsules like Feliway cystease capsules for cats - the other species suffering from a similar complaint, FSC i.e. feline sterile cystitis) in combination with metacam for acute flares and to get on top of it initially since it will take a few weeks for the glucosamine to build up. In more extreme cases, cartrofen is now being used.
Sterile IC can go away on its own but you are looking more at several years than just months, if at all. Ideally, the acute flares should eventually become less frequent and less intense. I have found that doubling the glucosamine (the contents of one capsule mixed with 2 ml of water every 12 hours instead of 1 capsule a day with 1 ml of the mix given twice daily) is more effective in getting on top of a new flare as quickly as possible than upping the metacam dosage although the metacam will help with the massive discomfort from pee coming into contact with raw tissue.

In most cases, sterile IC is diagnosed by default after any other potential urinary tract problems (UTI; stones or sludge) have been excluded as symptoms are very similar. IC has typically a low count of bacteria in the urine but can contain blood although the highly red pees especially at the onset of a flare are a natural die called porphyrine and not blood. Increased calcium pees preceding a flare can also occur.

For dietary recommendations see the special diets chapter: Long Term Balanced General And Special Needs Guinea Pig Diets
More information on sterile IC: Links - Interstitial Cystitis - Guinea Lynx Records
 
Oh crikey! Thank you so much for this detailed explanation. It's very kind of you to take the time to pass this info on.

We hadn't heard about IC at all. From what you've described it sounds very much like it. We'll mention it to the vet and we'll get James some glucosamine to see if that alleviates his symptoms.
 
Oh crikey! Thank you so much for this detailed explanation. It's very kind of you to take the time to pass this info on.

We hadn't heard about IC at all. From what you've described it sounds very much like it. We'll mention it to the vet and we'll get James some glucosamine to see if that alleviates his symptoms.

Cystease is widely available online. Cartrofen a is rather expensive prescription-only arthritis drug that has shown in fairly recent non-UK research to be effective for sterile cystitis, too. It also contains glucosamine.

We are contacted very regularly by people in your situation; while a normal bacterial UTI (caused by faecal bacteria in the urinary tract) is actually pretty uncommon in indoors piggies, sterile IC is the opposite - it has by overtaken a normal UTI in indoors piggies.
It is generally affecting piggies with a very nervous disposition. Normal piggies can catch it but their immune system can cope and fend it off without them ever developing acute symptoms, according to my own observation when I had it carried in the last time and an affected piggy developed acute symptoms after having spent time on the shared roaming ground... :(

Sadly most general vets and even exotics vets who don't see lots of guinea pigs won't have heard of it.

Here is our recommended vets locator from the top bar in case you need it: Recommended Guinea Pig Vets
 
Thank you again @Wiebke. It does sounds an awful lot like the situation we've got on our hands.

They are indoor pigs though James is far from having a nervous disposition. He's very bold and investigative. Definitely not a shrinking violet :D

We're collecting some of that cystease tonight and we're going to try him on the IC diet and start filtering their water. We'll also keep up with the metacam and give him his sulfatrim just in case it is bacterial. Hopefully this will sort him out.

Our current vet is on the list of recommended guinea pig vets.
 
Sorry to jump in but this sounds so similar to what I’ve had with my boy Pig. I’d love to hear how yours gets on. Pig has been having cystease and metacam for over 2 months now after no change with antibiotics and so infection was ruled out (also no indication in the urine sample). He also had CT scans and X-rays with no signs of stones. His squeaking changes, sometimes he’s really quiet in a day, other times he suffers a bit, but overall he’s so much more himself and it’s vastly improved.

Our main issue now is he has lost a load of weight, similar to yours, but we’ve been syringe feeding him for a couple of months because he stopped eating hay after stressful vets trips. When we reduce the syringe feed, he drops weight, despite eating normally for himself, so it’s looking like we need to investigate further! I’m so glad James has stayed stable!
 
Sorry to jump in but this sounds so similar to what I’ve had with my boy Pig. I’d love to hear how yours gets on. Pig has been having cystease and metacam for over 2 months now after no change with antibiotics and so infection was ruled out (also no indication in the urine sample). He also had CT scans and X-rays with no signs of stones. His squeaking changes, sometimes he’s really quiet in a day, other times he suffers a bit, but overall he’s so much more himself and it’s vastly improved.

Our main issue now is he has lost a load of weight, similar to yours, but we’ve been syringe feeding him for a couple of months because he stopped eating hay after stressful vets trips. When we reduce the syringe feed, he drops weight, despite eating normally for himself, so it’s looking like we need to investigate further! I’m so glad James has stayed stable!

Hi and welcome

Please start your very own support thread in this section for your own problems, so we can give you personalised support without taking over somebody else's support thread and creating confusion.
 
Hi and welcome

Please start your very own support thread in this section for your own problems, so we can give you personalised support without taking over somebody else's support thread and creating confusion.
Sorry, I am going to - just wanted to share that I had found a similar thing with IC, and had a side note of weight issues but shall sort another thread when I can.
 
Sorry to jump in but this sounds so similar to what I’ve had with my boy Pig. I’d love to hear how yours gets on. Pig has been having cystease and metacam for over 2 months now after no change with antibiotics and so infection was ruled out (also no indication in the urine sample). He also had CT scans and X-rays with no signs of stones. His squeaking changes, sometimes he’s really quiet in a day, other times he suffers a bit, but overall he’s so much more himself and it’s vastly improved.

Our main issue now is he has lost a load of weight, similar to yours, but we’ve been syringe feeding him for a couple of months because he stopped eating hay after stressful vets trips. When we reduce the syringe feed, he drops weight, despite eating normally for himself, so it’s looking like we need to investigate further! I’m so glad James has stayed stable!

We're finding things a bit similar. We've been giving him antibiotics, metacam and the cystease for a little bit and he's still squeaking. Although we haven't been giving him the cystease for long. He's definitely lost quite a bit of weight but, at probably over 1.5 kilos he was a bruiser of a pig so perhaps not such a bad thing. We're hoping that the cystease will help.
 
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