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Specialist Dwarf tapeworm infection and complications - urgent

Jackoboy

New Born Pup
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Dear Guinea Pig Lovers,

Hope one or more of you can help.

Our beloved guinea boy, Jack, is poorly.
Treated at vets for chest infection, breathing improved but is now losing weight.

Back in September we took him to the vet as he was "bobbing" i.e.rocking back and forth while sitting. His sides were going in more than usual. He clearly struggled with his breathing. Antibiotics (Baytril) significantly improved the bobbing (he was eating fine throughout), but not eliminated it completely. The vet declared that he was infection free. I had my reservations but went along with it especially since I thought he may not be allowed more antibiotics. After just a few days the bobbing i.e. breathing difficulties returned. This time with more force. At one time his breath rate was just 31 BPM. Baytril was started again, then anothe antibiotic added (Co-Trimoxazole). This semed to have made a difference. Vet also recommended nebulising with F10 disinfctant - but Jack seemed distressed by it, wheezed and whimpered and his breath rate dropped by 20 straight after (I was careful to measure it just before he went in) so this was clearly making him worse. Now discontinued.
Vet also added diuretic (Furosemide) - scan showed what looks like fluid in the lungs. It seemed to make no difference after the injection but as another day later things got worse, the vet gave us the tablets to give at home.
Then stasis came. Most likely because all Jack wanted to eat was lettuce! Now almost resolved thanks to Emeprid (cisapride). Metacam (maloxicam) for pain was added.

The vet doesnt think she can do any more. She has been kind and helpful but the problem seems to be rare here in the UK and it seems that the UK vets are not very experienced at treating this problem.

Thanks very much for bearing with me - there is a bit more!

In the summer, Jack's companion passed two tapeworms (Hymenolepis Nana). We are in the UK, and it seems that obtaining praziquantel, the drug of choice for this, for a guinea is impossible! Not by injection, anyway. I was advised to use spot on treatment for cats, Droncit, sadly that was very difficult to administer and we clearly didnt get the dose right (also because we were told to do it once, rather than twice which is the correct way). We found three tapeworms coming out of poor Jack in the last week.

I actually think that the heavy tapeworm infestation could have caused Jack's chest infection. I have come accross medical articles which document Hymenolepis nana migrating in the body and causing all manner of problems, for example pneumonia and even camouflaging as Crohn's (scans looked exactly like actual Crohn's disease) in humans! The reason I believe this is that Jack's brother, Tutu, died last year with symptoms that looked like what Jack has at the moment, only after antibiotic treatment failed, he developed neurological symptoms and also went blind...He actually died of a heart attack at the vets table when she was trying to take his temperature - it was very upsetting to see and we still think it was not a good idea to do so. He was only 3 years old. Jack was ill also but recovered fine. Parasites were never mentioned or considered. I suspect they could have caused the problem.

I feel that to get Jack better the tapeworm needs to be treated. Even if the tapeworms are not the root cause of his current chest infection. They can be transferred to humans! We have been washing our hands very dilligently and implementing additional hygiene measures.

For the tapeworm we were finally offered Panacur (fenbendazole) but it only has 86 percent success rate with this particular parasite, unlike praziquantel which always seems to work. So no gold standard, sadly, just what the vet seems to have available here in the UK.
There are Droncit tablets containg praziquantel for cats and dogs but the vet was reluctant to give those as she was unsure of dosing. They have been used in mice and gerbils and rats successfully.
There is also Droncit spot on treatment for cats. I was not able to find anywhere whether the dose of praziquantel transdermally woyuld be the same as the oral dose. Internet sources say Guines would need 10mg praziquantel per 1kg of body weight. Others say it is 5-10mg.

Have any of you ever used the Droncit tablet (praziquantel) or Droncit spot on for your guinea pig's tapeworm problem safely and successfully?
Or had success with Panacur for tapeworm? (Vet says he will need to take this for 5 days). Another vet suggested once weekly treatment for 4 weeks...

Could Metacam or Furosemide cause lack of appetite?


Jack lost 140 grams in the last few days. Spits out Critical care. Just had some spinach and kale and a few strands of hay but it is not quite enough. Trying another brand for feeding (Recovery care) he seems to resist it less but still manages to spit most of it out. All the usual treats like parsley are refused. He is drinking fine from his bottle. Breathing much better, breath rate almost 60. Was 31 at his worst.

Jack has the loveliest nature in the world. Cuddly, affectionate and gives my daugther cuddles back! And gentle licks. The connection they have is simply amazing. He rests his head on her chest so contentedly and closes his eyes to go to sleep there... He is trying to eat for her but is clearly struggling and needs help.

Thank you so much in advance!
 
Hi. Sorry to hear your boy is unwell. With regards tapeworm I’ve not heard (in my shirt life owning them) of piggies getting tapeworm. But don’t quote me.

I’ll tag @Wiebke @PigglePuggle
 
Hi and welcome

Worms in guinea pigs are very rare and with the shift to more indoors keeping are becoming even less common; and I have no experience with tapeworm whatsoever, unfortunately. Panacur is generally the usual treatment for any worms.
Our parasite expert is @PigglePuggle .

Bobbing is often a sign of heart problems. Has your vet checked the heart or have they taken a nasal swab to lab test for bacteria and which cavy save antibiotics any bacteria react to?
 
Hi and welcome

Worms in guinea pigs are very rare and with the shift to more indoors keeping are becoming even less common; and I have no experience with tapeworm whatsoever, unfortunately. Panacur is generally the usual treatment for any worms.
Our parasite expert is @PigglePuggle .

Bobbing is often a sign of heart problems. Has your vet checked the heart or have they taken a nasal swab to lab test for bacteria and which cavy save antibiotics any bacteria react to?
Thank you very much, Wiebke.
Our guineas are indoor but they were previously allowed to graze on our lawn and we think that's where they picked up the parasite. We have stopped grazing them outside since finding the worms.
No, our vet didn't take a swab. It could be because very few antibiotics are actually licenced for cavies. Actually no definite diagnosis could be made from a scan apart from some consolidation and fluid on the lungs as far as I understood. How would a problem with the heart be diagnosed?
Is there a way of directly contacting PigglePuggle? Perhaps they have come across this problem?
Many thanks.
 
Hi, gut worm parasites of guinea pigs are incredibly rare in the UK but having had a read about this yes in is indeed possible that piggy has the tapeworm Hymenolepsis nana! This I believe is so rare that there is no standard treatment in piggies, but it will need praziquantel- panacur contains a benzamidazole drug will not get rid of a tapeworm. 10mg per kg is the recommended rabbit dose of praziquantel so I dont see why this would not be safe for piggies, but a vet may well be out of their comfort zone prescribing such an unusual piggy medicine for such an unusual condition.
But yes it is praziquantel you need, 10mg/kg should be safe... theoretically, not by any means tried and tested this is so rare!
Best of luck x
 
Thank you very much, Wiebke.
Our guineas are indoor but they were previously allowed to graze on our lawn and we think that's where they picked up the parasite. We have stopped grazing them outside since finding the worms.
No, our vet didn't take a swab. It could be because very few antibiotics are actually licenced for cavies. Actually no definite diagnosis could be made from a scan apart from some consolidation and fluid on the lungs as far as I understood. How would a problem with the heart be diagnosed?
Is there a way of directly contacting PigglePuggle? Perhaps they have come across this problem?
Many thanks.

PigglePuggle has been tagged into this thread several times.

Please be aware that we are all doing this for free in our free time outside our own day jobs, piggies and families. this means that we cannot be around at all times all the time. She will come along whenever she has time on top of a busy job. We are lucky to have the benefit of her experience.

PS: She's answered now.
 
Hi, gut worm parasites of guinea pigs are incredibly rare in the UK but having had a read about this yes in is indeed possible that piggy has the tapeworm Hymenolepsis nana! This I believe is so rare that there is no standard treatment in piggies, but it will need praziquantel- panacur contains a benzamidazole drug will not get rid of a tapeworm. 10mg per kg is the recommended rabbit dose of praziquantel so I dont see why this would not be safe for piggies, but a vet may well be out of their comfort zone prescribing such an unusual piggy medicine for such an unusual condition.
But yes it is praziquantel you need, 10mg/kg should be safe... theoretically, not by any means tried and tested this is so rare!
Best of luck x
Thank you, PigglePuggle!
The parasites are perhaps sometimes overlooked as the piggies are mostly indoors. But you can get dwarf tapeworm from organic veggies that have been less than meticulously washed. It certainly happened for humans so logically indoor guineas would be in the same boat.
I dont think it is as rare as we think, studies showed that around 14 per cent of piggies do have parasites. Dwarf tapeworm can replicate indefinitely in the same host. They might just go unnoticed a lot of time. Only heavy infestations can lead to pneumonia and other serious complications.
I spoke to several local vets and none of them could provide a praziquantel injection. My one obsevation and I will be honest, I was very disappointed , is that profitability is a huge factor driving what treatments we can obtain from the vets, it seems. I was told at one stage that they could get it but would charge me for the whole bottle as they were unlikely to use it...I will let you decide about the ethics of that.
Worse still, piggie owners are left with a problem that can be easily transferred to humans, especially children. Eggs can survive for 10 days, ready to infect. That should not be the case. Dwarf tapeworm is the most common parasite in Europe!
So yes, praziquantel is definitely what we need. But our vet said she doesnt feel comfortable prescribing praziquantel tablets for dog and cat... I feel I have been put in a position where I am disbelieved and have to educate. Despite a bill that is several hundred pounds. How bizzare.
Thank you for your kind wishes, I'm not giving up and contacting a vet in abroad, will see what they advise. Lovely Jack hanging on, thank goodness. But so much precious time wasted. Here's hoping!
 
Thank you, PigglePuggle!
The parasites are perhaps sometimes overlooked as the piggies are mostly indoors. But you can get dwarf tapeworm from organic veggies that have been less than meticulously washed. It certainly happened for humans so logically indoor guineas would be in the same boat.
I dont think it is as rare as we think, studies showed that around 14 per cent of piggies do have parasites. Dwarf tapeworm can replicate indefinitely in the same host. They might just go unnoticed a lot of time. Only heavy infestations can lead to pneumonia and other serious complications.
I spoke to several local vets and none of them could provide a praziquantel injection. My one obsevation and I will be honest, I was very disappointed , is that profitability is a huge factor driving what treatments we can obtain from the vets, it seems. I was told at one stage that they could get it but would charge me for the whole bottle as they were unlikely to use it...I will let you decide about the ethics of that.
Worse still, piggie owners are left with a problem that can be easily transferred to humans, especially children. Eggs can survive for 10 days, ready to infect. That should not be the case. Dwarf tapeworm is the most common parasite in Europe!
So yes, praziquantel is definitely what we need. But our vet said she doesnt feel comfortable prescribing praziquantel tablets for dog and cat... I feel I have been put in a position where I am disbelieved and have to educate. Despite a bill that is several hundred pounds. How bizzare.
Thank you for your kind wishes, I'm not giving up and contacting a vet in abroad, will see what they advise. Lovely Jack hanging on, thank goodness. But so much precious time wasted. Here's hoping!

In defense of vets, please keep in mind that apart from renting premises, the largest amount of cost in running a vet clinic is actually going to into stocking relatively small amounts of medications that have to be replaced regularly to stay in date; not into salaries or necessarily into making huge profits (although some clinics' fees are truly eye watering). No frills chain clinics can run much more cheaply because they only stock a limited number of the most commonly used medications. Exotics vets have the largest cost - not from salaries but from expensive diagnostic instruments and from stocking a much wider range of medications. They do come occasionally to limits of what they can afford with rare cases like yours.
I think that this article here may be a bit of an eye opener for you: Pet costs - why do vets charge so much?

It is however always extremely frustrating when you are the owner of a pet with that rare condition that needs expensive medication that is not in stock. And when your piggy is the one a vet is not sure how to treat and prefers to err on the side of caution as guinea pigs and small rodents are so badly under-researched. Having been on more than one occasion a 'pioneer' in persuading a vet to try a new medication/treatment when the usual way failed or consider a 'new' health condition they had never heard of, you have my full sympathy. :(

I am very sorry for you and hope that you can get what you need.
 
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